English LEA L2

37 applied translation terms

This glossary is meant to help me remember efficiently the words I learnt this year. Thematics : Business - Environnement - Law

benefit

noun

a payment given by an insurance company or public agency in order to help people in need

Example: If you can't find a job you can claim for unemployment benefit.

fr: allocation

chairman

noun

the person in charge of running a company

Example: The chairman is planning to open a new subsidiary.

fr: président

clerk

noun

an employee in charge of keeping records or doing general tasks in the office

Example: You may find the clerk at the front desk of the hotel.

fr: employé de bureau

competition

noun

when companies selling similar products fight over the prices in order to increase their own sales

Example: McDonald's and Burger King has been in competition for years now.

fr: concurrence

currency

noun

equivalence of a money in ciruclation depending on money used by another countries

Example: I'm planning to go to Japan and I'll need to get some foreign currency.

fr: devise, monnaie

curtailment

noun

when something has to be reduced, often because sotcks are limited

Example: During a financial crisis, government impose a curtailment of income.

fr: restriction

Federal Reserve

noun

USA banking system controlling credits and the flow of money

Example: The headquarters of the Federal Reserve are in Washington.

fr: banque centrale des Etats-Unis

foreclosure

noun

the act when someone can't pay back their loan and the bank takes possession of their property or land

Example: The country made a loss through forcelosure of small houses and farms.

fr: saisie

foreign policy

noun

the course of actions followed by a nation concerning its relationships with other nations

Example: During a pandemic crisis, foreign policies are reconsidered by each nation to protect their peoples.

fr: politique étrangère

global warming

noun

when the average temperature in the atmosphere of the Earth rises up, causes environmental changes

Example: These last few years, the youngsters became more interested in fighting global warming.

fr: réchauffement climatique

green washing

noun

false claim made by companies saying to be concerned by the environement but they're not, in order to gain publicity

Example: This company claimed being eco-friendly but it's not, it's doing greenwashing.

fr: écoblanchiment

greenhouse gases

noun

gases such as methane or carbon dioxide which can absorb UV ray, causing an increase in the temperature of the atmosphere

Example: Nowadays, many countries adopt new production strategies to reduce their emissions of greenhouse gases.

fr: gaz à effet de serre

heat wave

noun

environmental phenomenon when the temperature is higher than average, sometimes causing forest fires or droughts

Example: This summer there were more heat waves than usual.

fr: vague de chaleur

inflation

noun

a phenomenon when the value of the money goes up, increasing the cost of living

Example: For the few coming years, inflation is expected to go as high as 10%.

fr: inflation

instalment

noun

payment divided in equal parts at specific intervals over a fixed period

Example: I have expensive monthly instalments to pay back my loan !

fr: acompte

manufacturing

noun

physically making a product in factories or plants, involving managing processes and equipment

Example: The manufacturing of electrical cars is a bet for the future.

fr: production industrielle

market

noun

trade of a particular product, often depending on supply and demand

Example: The employment market was severly touched due to the COVID-19 crisis.

fr: marché

outlet

noun

a store that retails products manufactured by a wholesaler

Example: Burger King owns a lot of outlets everywhere in the world.

fr: point de vente

plague

noun

when a serious desease spreads around the world and causes several deaths

Example: The COVID-19 crisis refers to the Coronavirus-19 desease plague.

fr: épidémie

policy

noun

a procedure that has to be followed by a company

Example: New policies takes environement protection in account more and more.

fr: (une) politique

quarter

noun

one fourth of a calendar or of a year in business i.e. three months

Example: The company's turnover rose compared to the last quarter.

fr: trismestre

recession

noun

a period when employment, production and earnings are under the average level

Example: During the recession, we had to make tight spending budgets dedicated to food.

fr: récession

savings

noun

money someone has accumulated to enventually help if there's a problem

Example: I spent all of my savings to buy a new video game.

fr: économies, épargne

shortage

noun

when a production site doesn't have enough raw materials to make new products

Example: This summer there was a shortage of mustard pots.

fr: pénurie

strike

noun

when people stop working to show their opinion towards a political, environmental or even societal cause, mostly to claim new measures in their favour

Example: Due to the COVID-19 crisis, nurses often called for strike because of their low salary.

fr: grève

supply chain

noun

every step from the production to the sale of a product

Example: Transport is an important aspect of a supply chain for every store.

fr: chaîne logistique

sustainable

adjective

ecologically-friendly

Example: Paper cups are sustainable, whereas plastic ones aren't.

fr: durable

target audience

noun

a range of specific customers to whom a product is intended to be sold

Example: The target audience of Toys"R"Us is mostly toddlers and young children.

fr: public cible

to be liable

verb

to be legally responsible

Example: You will be liable for the damage caused.

fr: être responsable

to do the account

verb

to put all the financial transactions of a period together

Example: The accountant is doing the account every month.

fr: faire les comptes

to launder

verb

to hide the often illegal source of something

Example: Mafia are the best known to launder their money.

fr: blanchir

to lease

verb

to allow the use of a land or an object in exchange of a rent

Example: If you don't want to sell your old apartment, you can lease it and earn some money.

fr: louer

to move down market

verb

to improve the quality and goods in order to increase their price and sell them to richer people

Example: The company hopes to increase its sales by moving downmaket.

fr: baisser en gamme

to move up market

verb

to improve the quality and goods in order to increase their price and sell them to richer people

Example: They were once known for their low prices, but now they are trying to move upmarket.

fr: monter en gamme

to oversee

verb

to supervise or manage a team or someone

Example: When I was a trainee, my boss was always supervising me.

fr: superviser

to source

verb

to buy in all the services and raw materials necessary for the production of a company

Example: Nike is sourcing raw materials for shoes with several partnerships.

fr: se procurer

to speculate

verb

to buy something (goods, property, actions, etc.) and expect to sell them at a higher price to make a profit

Example: You can easily speculate on Bitcoins they say.

fr: spéculer